<html dir="ltr" lang="en"><body>



<h1>SPIP Installation</h1>

<h2>install0/Setting up permissions</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Preliminary: Setting up permissions</h3>
<p class="spip">When you install SPIP files by FTP on your own server, some <strong class="spip">directories</strong> will not be configured correctly: therefore, you must modify their configuration through your usual FTP client.</p>

<p class="spip">You have to modify the  «permissions» of the following directories:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">/CACHE</strong>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">/IMG</strong>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">/ecrire</strong>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">/ecrire/data</strong></p>

<p class="spip">FTP «clients» differ in their functions but the procedure is generally thus:</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;select the folder of which you want to modify the «permissions»;</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;find in your FTP client a feature called «change (or <i class="spip">modify</i> or <i class="spip">set</i> permissions»;</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;If this feature appears as a graphical interface, check the box corresponding to «Write» for the «Others» (or «World» or «All users»):</p>
<CENTER><img src="AIDE/en/install0.gif" alt=" "  border="0"></CENTER>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;If this feature appears in «text» mode, the numeric configuration is «777».</p>

<p class="spip">When you make this modification for every directory indicated by the installation system, you must reload the page and the procedure resumes automatically.</p><h2>install1/Your mySQL connection</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Your MySQL connection</h3>
<p class="spip">This step consists of entering the necessary information for the connection of SPIP to MySQL  server.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Database address:</i> depending on your host&#8217;s choice, this information will simply be «localhost», or your site&#8217;s address («www.mysite.org»).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Connection login:</i> it is often the same login you use to upload your files by FTP.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Connection password:</i> it is often the same password as the one you use  to access your site by FTP.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;These settings cannot be invented: not knowing them means that your host has not given them to you. Therefore: if you do not have this information at hand you cannot continue.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;These settings are provided to you <strong class="spip">by the host of your site</strong>: to obtain them, you must contact him directly (do not ask the SPIP development team to give them to you, we do not know them!). Some hosts provide such information in an online guide.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;You should note that very often, you have to <strong class="spip">ask</strong> your host to activate your MySQL access, or complete yourself a specific procedure for that. Several hosts claiming to provide support for MySQL databases do not activate this connection automatically at the time of the setting up of a site; an additional request from your part (after opening your account with this host) is often necessary. In this case, refer to the documentation provided by your host to know how to <i class="spip">activate</i> your MySQL connection. (Again, the SPIP team cannot help you here.)</p><h2>install2/Choosing your database</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Choosing your database</h3>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;You must select the <i class="spip">name</i> of the database that was attributed to you by your host. This information is provided to you by your host: if you do not have it, ask him or refer to the online documentation provided by this host (it is no use requesting it from the SPIP development team, we do not have this information).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Very often, this information correspond to the <i class="spip">login</i> of your hosting account (the one you use to connect to your site by FTP).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;First option (more often than not): an accounts list is displayed (sometimes a bit longish, depending on the configuration set by the host). Amongst the shown accounts, only one corresponds to yours, you simply select it then and validate it to go through to the next step.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Second option: only one name, corresponding to your account, is displayed (your host has automatically configured his system to only display your account). Easy: select this account and validate.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Third option (generally, for a professional account or on a server over which you have extended rights): you must <i class="spip">create</i> your own database. In this case (after verifying that such an account does not exist in the above list), you can enter the name of your choice next to the instruction «create a new database».</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Last option (failure): your account does not appear in the displayed list, and you cannot create one yourself. It is a rare occurrence: this means that your host created an access for you to the database server, but forgot to create your account. In this case, you should contact your host directly.</p><h2>install5/Personal information</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Personal information</h3>
<p class="spip">This step is very simple, but it should be completed carefully. Indeed, it is this step that determines your site connection identification! if you proceed hastily, you might not be able to connect...</p>

<p class="spip">Note that once your site is installed, you will have the possibility to change this information.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Your public identity:</i> that is what will appear as a signature of your articles.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Your connection identification:</i> this the identification that <strong class="spip">you yourself choose</strong> to connect to your own SPIP system. This information does not need to be identical to the one your host gave you to connect to your account by FTP. On the contrary, <i class="spip">we urge you not to use the same identification</i> for your access to SPIP (which you choose freely) and for your FTP connection (imposed to you by your host).</p><h2>ftp_auth/Authentication by FTP</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Authentication by FTP</h3>
<p class="spip">Some of SPIP&#8217;s functionalities have a direct influence on the structure and the content itself of the database (particularly: updates, backup and restoration of the database...). For these very sensitive features, an FTP authentication procedure has been put in place, in order to restrict their use to the few users who have access to the site server by FTP (more generally, if a site admits several SPIP administrators, FTP access is restricted to the main webmaster).</p>

<p class="spip">To be able to use these features, you have to simultaneously:</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;connect to the web with your usual browser; when you launch the action, SPIP specifies a name of the format «admin_<i class="spip">xxxxx</i>», that you must write down;</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;connect to your site&#8217;s server by FTP; in the folder <code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>/ecrire/data</code>, create a file (or an empty directory) and name it «admin_<i class="spip">xxxxx</i>»;</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Once you have created this file or directory, go back to your web browser and reload the page, which concludes the FTP authentication and triggers the action.</p><h2>erreur_mysql/A matter of template?</h2>
<h3 class="spip">A template problem</h3>
<p class="spip">When SPIP faces an error in its communication with MySQL database, it displays on the screen the failed query as well as the error message returned by the database (in red).</p>

<p class="spip">The problem could result:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;either from an error in the definition of your template, if you are in the process of modifying your site;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;or from a failure in the database.</p>

<p class="spip">For instance, a message of the sort <font color='red'><b>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>&gt; Unknown column 'articles.chapi' in 'where clause'</code></b></font> indicates that the loop calls a selection criteria (<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>chapi</code>) which is not accounted for.</p>

<p class="spip">On the other hand, a message of the sort <font color='red'><b>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>&gt; Can't open file: 'spip_articles.MYD'</code></b></font> indicates a serious problem in the MySQL database itself: you should then, ask your host to verify his installation and/or repair your database. If you have a recent version of MySQL (3.23.14 at least), you can also try <a href="admin_repair.php3" target="_blank">an automatic repair of the database</a>.</p>



<h1>Articles</h1>

<h2>raccourcis/Typographical shortcuts</h2>
<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">To make the layout of the documents published by
SPIP easier, the system offers a number of «SPIP shortcuts» which:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;simplify matters for users who do not know HTML;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;make it possible for page layout to be processed automatically.</strong></p>

<p class="spip">So naturally you can still use HTML code in your SPIP documents, but we advise you to use preferably these few SPIP shortcuts, which are much easier to remember and especially, provide the system with some automated operations.</strong></p>

<h3 class="spip">Simple typographical shortcuts in SPIP</h3>
<p class="spip">To start with, we present the simplest and most common shortcuts. For the users who wish to have more control over the layout of their texts, we shall further present more complex versions of these shortcuts.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">N.B.</i> The simple shortcuts fairly fulfill most needs, and make online publication almost as easy as writing an email.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Creating paragraphs</strong></p>

<p class="spip">To create paragraphs, you simply leave a blank line, a bit like separating paragraphs in a e-mail (by «skipping» a line).</p>

<p class="spip">The simple «line feed» (enter or return) without separating the two paragraphs is insufficient to create a new paragraph (as a matter of fact, it does not even create a line feed).</p>

<p class="spip">You can leave several consecutive blank lines without any effect on the layout.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Creating bulleted or numbered lists</strong></p>

<p class="spip">You can create lists in SPIP in the same way as in an e-mail: you only enter a line feed and start the new line with a dash («-»).</p>

<p class="spip">Notice that, here, a simple line feed is enough (you can create
lists in the same paragraph); but if you leave a blank line before the one beginning with a dash, then a blank line will appear before the list</p>

<p class="spip">For example,</p>
<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='4' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>- I like work;
- it fascinates me.
- I can sit and look at it for hours.
 (Jerome K. Jerome)</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">will display:</p>
<blockquote class="spip">
<p class="spip"><br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;I like work;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;it fascinates me.
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;I can sit and look at it for hours.
 (Jerome K. Jerome)</p>
</blockquote>
<div align='right'><a href='#listes'>more information on the lists</a></div>
<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">Bold and italic</strong></p>

<p class="spip">You specify a text in <i class="spip">italic</i> by placing it between simple braces: «<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>...some text {in italic} in...</code>».</p>

<p class="spip">You specify a text in <strong class="spip">bold</strong> by placing it between double braces: «<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>...some text {{in bold}} in...</code>».</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Paragraph headings</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Paragraph headings are titles inside a text that show its structure. In SPIP, they are very simply defined by placing them between treble braces: «<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>{{{Section heading}}}</code>» will display the heading, bold and centred:</p>

<blockquote class="spip">
<h3 class="spip">Section heading</h3>
</blockquote>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Horizontal rule</strong></p>

<p class="spip">It is very simple to insert a horizontal rule (or a separation line) across the width of the text: you just insert a line containing only a series of at least four dashes, thus:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='1' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>----</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">returns:</p>
<blockquote class="spip">
<hr class="spip" />
</blockquote>
<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Hypertext links</strong></p>

<p class="spip">You can easily create a hypertext link with the following code:</p>
<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='1' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>SPIP is an initiative of the [minirezo-&gt;http://www.minirezo.net/].</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">which becomes</p>

<blockquote class="spip">
<p class="spip">SPIP is an initiative of the <a href="http://www.minirezo.net/" class="spip_out">minirezo</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="spip">(To help remember: the dash followed by the greater-than sign makes a kind of arrow, showing that the link&#8217;s text (before the arrow) "points to" an address.)</p>

<p class="spip">The link&#8217;s URL can be absolute (starting, as in this example, with <code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://</code>), relative (to another page of the same site), a link to a document using an internet protocol (<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>ftp://</code>...) an e-mail address («<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>[-&gt;mailto:minirezo@rezo.net]</code>»)...</p>

<p class="spip">Specific application: when nothing is entered before the "arrow", the text of the passed URL is displayed as a clickable link 
. For example:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='1' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>[-&gt;http://dmoz.org/World/Deutsch/Kultur/Literatur/Autoren_und_Autorinnen/P/Proust,_Marcel/]</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">returns:</p>
<blockquote class="spip">
<p class="spip"><a href="http://dmoz.org/World/Deutsch/Kultur/Literatur/Autoren_und_Autorinnen/P/Proust,_Marcel/" class="spip_url spip_out">http://dmoz.org/World/Deutsch/Kultu...</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="spip">Remember that in the case of very long URLs, the display is truncated (in order to avoid the degradation of 
your graphic interface), but the hypertext link points to the correct address.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Hypertext links inside the site</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Furthermore, this same hypertext links system makes it easy to create links inside your site with SPIP. the only trick consists of finding the <i class="spip">number</i> of the article or the section or the news item to which you want to link: <img src="AIDE/en/articlenumero.gif" alt="NUMERO"  border="0" align="right"> when you «visit» an article, a news item or a section in the private area, the left column contains a box indicating this number in large digits.</p>

<p class="spip">This is the number that you should insert in the hypertext link:</p>

<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> Link to article 342 (4 possibilities):
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [article-&gt;342]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [article-&gt;art342]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [article-&gt;article 342]</code></li></ul>
<p class="spip">A particular use: <code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>[-&gt;art342]</code> (no text before the "arrow") will automatically display the title of article 342 with a link to that article.</p>

<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> Link to section 12:
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [section-&gt;rub12]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [section-&gt;rubrique 12]</code></li></ul>
<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> Link to news item 65:
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [news item-&gt;br65]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [news item-&gt;breve 65]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [news item-&gt;br&amp;egrave;ve 65]</code></li></ul>
<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> Authors, keywords, sites, im ages, documents:
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [an author-&gt;aut13] or [the same author-&gt;auteur13]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [a keyword-&gt;mot32]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [a syndicated site-&gt;site1]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [an attached document-&gt;doc17] or [the same document-&gt;document17]</code>
<br /><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>link to [an image-&gt;img13] or [the same image-&gt;image13]</code></li></ul>
<p class="spip">Specific application: here too, we can put nothing before the "arrow" 
(<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>[-&gt;aut13]</code>...). SPIP will insert automatically the required information. In the case of an attached document or an image, if we manually entered a title, this title will be displayed ; otherwise, the file name itself is used.</p>

<div align='right'><a href='#glossaire'>learn more: links to a glossary</a></div>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Footnotes</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A footnote is usually indicated by a number inserted in the text then repeated at the bottom of the page and offering additional information.</p>

<p class="spip">In SPIP, this feature (pretty awkward to manage manually in HTML) is automated: the footnotes are numbered by SPIP which also manages the hypertext links inside the document to jump directly from the number to the corresponding footnote and vice versa.</p>

<p class="spip">In SPIP, a footnote is placed between double brackets: «<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'> A[[Here is additional information.]] footnote.</code>» will be displayed as: «A&nbsp;[<a href="#nb1" name="nh1" id="nh1" class="spip_note" title='[1] Here is additional information.' >1</a>] footnote.»</p>

<div align='right'><a href='#notes'>learn more: non-automated footnotes</a></div>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Quoting an excerpt (from the forum)</strong></p>

<p class="spip">It is often practical, in a discussion forum, to quote an excerpt from the message which we are replying to. To make the presentation of such quotes consistent, SPIP offers the shortcut
<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>&lt;quote&gt;...&lt;/quote&gt;</code>.</p>

<p class="spip">For example:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='3' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>&lt;quote&gt;Pretty good that SPIP.&lt;/quote&gt;

Right you are, rubber duck :-)</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">gives:</p>

<blockquote class="spip">
<blockquote class="spip">
<p class="spip">Pretty good that SPIP.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="spip">Right you are, rubber duck :-)</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 class="spip">More complete features</h3>
<p class="spip">The following shortcuts provide 
more advanced functionalities, intended for a more specific use.
If this is your first experience with the shortcuts of SPIP, it is probably useless to try and memorize them at this stage. You only need to now they exist; once you really need them, come back to this page, it will then be much easier for you to memorize shortcuts that you really need.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Tables</strong></p>

<p class="spip">To create simple tables in SPIP, you just have to create lines with «cells» separated by the symbol «|» (<i class="spip">vertical line</i>), making sure that the lines start and end with vertical lines. It is imperative to leave blank lines before and after this table.</p>

<p class="spip">For example, the table:</p>

<table class="spip">
<thead><tr class='row_first'><th scope='col'> <strong class="spip">Surname</strong> </th><th scope='col'> <strong class="spip">Forename</strong> </th><th scope='col'> <strong class="spip">Age</strong> </th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row_even"><td> Smith </td><td> John </td><td> 23 years </td></tr>
<tr class="row_odd"><td> Captain </td><td> </td><td> not known </td></tr>
<tr class="row_even"><td> Bloggs </td><td> Philip </td><td> 46 years </td></tr>
<tr class="row_odd"><td> Cadoc </td><td> Baby </td><td> 4 months </td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="spip">is coded thus:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='5' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>| {{Surname}} | {{Forename}} | {{Age}} |
| Smith | John | 23 years |
| Captain | | not known |
| Bloggs | Philip | 46 years |
| Cadoc | Baby | 4 months |</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">Note that all the entries of the first row appear in bold. SPIP identifies, thus, that it is the row containing the columns headings and applies to it a presentation different from the other rows (different background colour). The presence of such a row is not mandatory.</p>

<p class="spip"><a name='listes'></a></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Advanced management of lists and enumerations</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;A simple carriage return can be performed by typing <code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>_</code> 
(the underscore symbol) at the beginning of the line, followed by a blank space.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">N.B.</i> In traditional typography, use of a "new line" by itself is very rare (restricted, more or less, to poetry). It is often confused with a new paragraph as found in printed documents (with no additional vertical spacing between the paragraphs). Web browsers however, by default, insert a vertical spacing between paragraphs. Many users try to emulate the look of the printed page (no additional vertical spacing) by typing a simple line feed between what they consider to be paragraphs. This is an error which can make their site more difficult to maintain and develop. The correct solution is to define a stylesheet (CSS) in one&#8217;s templates which describes the layout behaviour of paragraphs (i.e. whether or not there is an additional vertical space between paragraphs, the amount of indentation  of the first line, etc.).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;You can create nested lists by adding asterisks after the list dash.</p>

<p class="spip">For example:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='8' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>-* Your horse is:
-** chestnut;
-** bay;
-** black;
-* but my rabbit is
-** white:
-*** angora
-*** or short-haired.</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">gives:</p>
<blockquote class="spip">
<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> Your horse is:<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> chestnut;</li><li class="spip"> bay;</li><li class="spip"> black;</li></ul></li><li class="spip"> but my rabbit is<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> white:<ul class="spip"><li class="spip"> angora</li><li class="spip"> or short-haired.</blockquote>
</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Lastly, ordered list can be made using the following symbol <code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>#</code> instead of the star:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='3' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>-# first
-# second
-# third</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">returns:</p>

<blockquote class="spip">
<ol class="spip"><li class="spip"> first</li><li class="spip"> second</li><li class="spip"> third</blockquote>
</li></ol>
<p class="spip"><a name='glossaire'>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Hyperlinks to an external glossary</strong></p>

<p class="spip">You can also very quickly create a hyperlink to a definition in an external glossary. For any given term, you simply insert this
shortcut in your text <code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>[?term]</code>.</p>

<p class="spip">So the following code:
"<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>{Frankenstein} is the masterpiece of [?Mary Shelley]</code>."
will show on the screen:
"<i class="spip">Frankenstein</i> is the masterpiece of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Shelley" class="spip_glossaire">Mary Shelley</a>."
Remember to click the link in order to check that the term which has been entered (whether a name or common noun) is spelt correctly and links to a valid destination.</p>

<p class="spip">The default external glossary is <a href="http://www.wikipedia.org" class="spip_out">Wikipedia</a>. It is a multilingual encyclopaedia created co-operatively and opened to all contributors over the internet. Please take the time to acquaint yourself with it, to respect it and to contribute to it in order to enrich this shared fund of knowledge.</p>

<p class="spip"><a name='notes'></a>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Non-automated notes</strong></p>

<p class="spip">In most cases, the aforementionned system of automatic footnotes is fairly enough.However, you may manage the footnotes in a non automatic fashion by "imposing" the choice of the number or even the displayed text used to craft the link.</p>

<p class="spip">The general principle is that you put the clickable text between angle brackets at the beginning of the note, thus:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='1' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>The text is annotated[[&lt;xxx&gt; This is the note.]]</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">Following this principle, you can:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;use automatically numbered notes&nbsp;[<a href="#nb2" name="nh2" id="nh2" class="spip_note" title='[2] By placing the text of the note between double square brackets.' >2</a>], or
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;force the number of the note&nbsp;[<a href="#nb23" name="nh23" id="nh23" class="spip_note" title='[23] By putting the number between angle brackets:' >23</a>], or
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;use asterisks to indicate a note&nbsp;[<a href="#nb%2A" name="nh%2A" id="nh%2A" class="spip_note" title='[*] By putting an asterisk between the angle brackets' >*</a>], or
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;add notes without any visible link to/from the main text. You do this by, or
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;give an abbreviation or name as the link to the note; in some languages this is often used for references indicating authorship of quotations&nbsp;[<a href="#nbRab" name="nhRab" id="nhRab" class="spip_note" title='[Rab] Fran&#231;ois Rabelais.' >Rab</a>], or
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;add a link to an existing note&nbsp;[<a href="#nb23" class="spip_note">23</a>] by placing the number of the note between angle brackets, < and >, and giving no text to the note.</cadre></p>

<p class="spip">returns:</p>

<blockquote class="spip">
<p class="spip">You may use footnotes numbered automatically&nbsp;[<a href="#nb3" name="nh3" id="nh3" class="spip_note" title='[3] By putting the text of the footnote between square brackets.' >3</a>],
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;but you may also impose the numbering of the footnote&nbsp;[<a href="#nb23" class="spip_note" title='[23] By indicating its number between the characters &#171;&#187;.' >23</a>],
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;or use the footnotes in the form of a star&nbsp;[<a href="#nb%2A" class="spip_note" title='[*] By putting a star between the charecters &#171;&#187;.' >*</a>],
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;craft unreferenced footnotes (without any number); bear in mind however, that these footnotes don&#8217;t bear any more a link between the footnote and the spot where it is inserted,
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;or give a name (fully spelled) to the footnote; this is frequently used for bibliographic references&nbsp;[<a href="#nbSha" name="nhSha" id="nhSha" class="spip_note" title='[Sha] William Shakespear.' >Sha</a>];
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;point to an existing note&nbsp;[<a href="#nb23" class="spip_note">23</a>] by indicating its number between the characters «<» and «>». and leaving the rest of the note empty.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Bypassing SPIP shortcuts</strong></p>

<p class="spip">In some cases, it can be useful to tell SPIP  that some parts of a document should not be «processed» by the typographical shortcuts filter: you do not want to correct the typography or you want to display source code (e.g. in PHP, JavaScript...).</p>

<p class="spip">The code of this shortcut is: «<TT>&lt;HTML&gt;Warning; text to leave as is&lt;/HTML&gt;</TT>», which gives: «Warning; text to leave as is».</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Displaying programming code</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Some users could wish at one point to display programming code in their pages. 
The shortcut <TT><code>...</code></tt> is available for this purpose.</p>

<p class="spip">Example: <TT><code>&lt;?php &nbsp; &nbsp; //this is some php code<br>

echo "hello";<br>
?></code></TT> gives</p>
<div style='text-align: left;' class='spip_code' dir='ltr'><code>&lt;?php &nbsp;//this is some php code<br />
echo &quot;hello&quot;;<br />
?&gt;</code></div>
<p class="spip">There is another shortcut to display extract from programming code on several lines:
<tt>&lt;cadre>...&lt;/cadre></tt>.This will put the code in a "form" (It is often used in the present page). The advantage of this method is to make it easier to copy-paste from you web page: you just have to move the cursor to the code you wish to copy, to choose "select all" to be able to directly copy the code. Furthermore, in many browsers, this frame (cadre) allows a better rendering of the tabs at the beginning of the lines.</p>

<p class="spip">Here is an example:</p>
<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='19' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>class Text {
 var 
type = 'text';
 var 
text;
}

 class Field{
 var 
type = 'field';
 var 
field_name, 
field_id;
 var 
cond_before, 
cond_after; // table of objects
 var 
functions;
}</textarea></div></form>
<p class="spip">-------</p>

<div class='notes'><small><p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh1" name="nb1" class="spip_note" title="info notes 1">1</a>] Here is additional information.</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh2" name="nb2" class="spip_note" title="info notes 2">2</a>] By placing the text of the note between double square brackets.</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh23" name="nb23" class="spip_note" title="info notes 23">23</a>]  By putting the number between angle brackets: < and ></p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh%2A" name="nb%2A" class="spip_note" title="info notes %2A">*</a>]  By putting an asterisk between the angle brackets < and ></p>

<p class="spip_note"> Putting angle brackets  with nothing between them.</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nhRab" name="nbRab" class="spip_note" title="info notes Rab">Rab</a>]  Fran&ccedil;ois Rabelais.</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh3" name="nb3" class="spip_note" title="info notes 3">3</a>] By putting the text of the footnote between square brackets.</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh23" name="nb23" class="spip_note" title="info notes 23">23</a>]  By indicating its number between the characters «<» and «>».</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nh%2A" name="nb%2A" class="spip_note" title="info notes %2A">*</a>]  By putting a star between the charecters «<» and «>».</p>

<p class="spip_note"> By putting nothing between the characters «<» and «>».</p>

<p class="spip_note">[<a href="#nhSha" name="nbSha" class="spip_note" title="info notes Sha">Sha</a>]  William Shakespear.</p></small></div>
<h2>arttitre/Title, top title, subtitle</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Title, top title, subtitle</h3>
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;The <i class="spip">title</i> is compulsory.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;The <i class="spip">top title</i> and the <i class="spip">subtitle</i> are completely optional. If you do not need them, leave them blank, the site layout will adapt automatically to their presence or absence.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Should they wish so, the administrators can disable the use of the top title and/or the subtitle in the «<A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" TARGET="_top">precise Configuration</A>» section.</i></p><h2>artrub/Selecting the section</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Selecting the section</h3>
<p class="spip">The menu shows the complete <A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=rubhier" target="_top">sections hierarchy</A> (in the order in which they where created by the site administrators): select the section in which you want to place your article.</p>

<p class="spip">A lot of novice users seem to be oblivious to this feature though very simple, and drop their article «anywhere» in the site structure. Consequently, the administrators are advised to always check if an article is in the right section before validating it.</p><h2>artdesc/Brief description</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Brief description</h3>
<p class="spip">The <i class="spip">brief description</i> is used for the purpose of navigating in the site: it shows briefly the topic of the article, in the contents page for instance.</p>

<p class="spip">This description is optional; furthermore it can be of any length. However, it was originally meant for short texts (one or two sentences), which will show in the lists of articles (contents, list of a particular author&#8217;s articles, sorting of articles by keywords, search engine results, etc.)</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">The site administrators can completely disable the display of the description in the «<A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" TARGET="_top">precise Configuration</A>» section.</i></p><h2>artchap/Deck</h2>
<h3 class="spip">The deck</h3>
<p class="spip">In the publishing jargon, the <i class="spip">deck</i> is the short text (cap) that «covers» the article. It is optional.</p>

<p class="spip">Administrators can, via the page «<A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" TARGET="_top">Precise configuration </A>», disable completely the use of the deck.</p><h2>artvirt/Redirection of an article</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Article redirection</h3>
<p class="spip">This option allows you to create a «Virtual Article»: it is an article which has its title, date and authors recorded in your site under SPIP, but which points to another URL.</p>

<p class="spip">This feature enables you to reference in your SPIP system articles that were not created by SPIP (for instance, if you need to integrate to the navigation of your site under SPIP, pages created prior to the installation of SPIP).</p>

<p class="spip">To signal that your article is a «Virtual Article», you just have to enter the URL of the target article in the corresponding box.</p>

<p class="spip">To remove the redirection, you simply «empty» the redirection box (delete the URL of the target article).</p><h2>arttexte/Text</h2>
<h3 class="spip">The article&#8217;s text</h3>
<p class="spip">Pretty straightforward: this is the <i class="spip">text</i> of your article as its name suggests.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;However, there is one point which could create a problem: the length of the text. It happens sometime that if the text is too long (according to our own experience, bigger than 32 Kb), it is truncated or indeed rejected during its transfer to SPIP. This problem is not caused by SPIP, but by the web browser that you are using. If you find yourself with a very long text for one browser, try to use another one.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;The article text is very well suited to the use of  SPIP&#8217;s <A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=raccourcis" TARGET='_top'>typographical shortcuts</A></p><h2>artdate/Date</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Date of online publishing</h3>
<p class="spip">Generally, the article&#8217;s <i class="spip">date</i> corresponds to the date of its <i class="spip">online appearance</i> (or publication on the web site).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;This date is automatically set to the time of the article&#8217;s <i class="spip">validation</i> by an administrator (therefore, to the time of its appearance on the public site).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;However, after validating the article, the administrator can still modify this date.</p><h2>artdate_redac/Date of earlier publishing</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Date of earlier publishing</h3>
<p class="spip">This feature was added for very specific cases, where SPIP is used to install archives <i class="spip">and</i> where these archives must have a publication date different from the online date.</p>

<p class="spip">It is a case of being able to indicate that a document has already been the subject of an earlier publication: newspaper article, book...</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;by default , this date is not displayed: the option «Hide date of earlier publishing» is selected at the time of the creation of the article.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;If you want to specify such a date, you must select the option «Show date of earlier publishing» as well as use the drop-down menus to set it up.</p>

<p class="spip">Unlike the «publication date» of the article, this date is not automatically determined at the time of the validation of the article. That is why it can be modified at any time.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">The site administrators can disable the use of the earlier publication date in the «<A 
HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" TARGET="_top">precise Configuration</A>» section.</i></p><h2>artauteurs/Authors</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Authors</h3>
<p class="spip">When an administrator or an editor creates an article, he is considered automatically the author of the article. In several cases the authors should be changed (i.e. when a third party story is added to the site, when a story shouldn&#8217;t be signed, or when it is edited by several users...)</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Adding an author</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A drop-down menu showing the list of all the site editors allows selecting and adding a new author.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">If more than 50 editors contribute to the site, it becomes awkward to display them in a drop-down menu (it slows the loading dramatically); in this case, the drop-down menu is replaced by a search box: you enter the name of the author you wish to add and click on «search». If the search returns more than one author, the system will let you select the one you want.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Removing an author</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Next to each author of the article, the link «Remove the author» allows you to simply remove this author.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">It is only as the author of this particular article that the editor is removed; he obviously remains present in the list of the site editors.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Replacing an author by another</strong></p>

<p class="spip">This can be achieved in two steps: simply add the new author and remove the first one (see above).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;It must be stressed finally that the administrators have more power over this authors list than the editors. Particularly, the editors cannot remove themselves from an article. If an editor wishes to publish an anonymous article (without author), he must ask an administrator to perform the operation.</p><h2>logoart/Article&#8217;s logo</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Article&#8217;s logo</h3>
<p class="spip">With SPIP you can install a logo corresponding to the article. This way, it will be possible, in the public site, to display a graphic button linking to the article.</p>

<p class="spip">For an article, it is possible:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;not to use any logo;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;to install a simple graphical logo;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;to use an animated logo that supports «hovering» (a logo with «2 positions»: the logo changes when the mouse hovers over it).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Images formats</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When you create your images (with your usual application), you must save them in one of the following formats:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;GIF (the GIF file could be an «animated GIF»);
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;JPEG;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;PNG (we advise against it because several browsers do not support it correctly).</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">In order to avoid serious operating errors, SPIP rejects image files bigger than 256 KB.</i> Advice: because these «buttons» are elements of the graphical interface, make sure that their <i class="spip">file size</i> (in kilobytes) is not too big (generally, less than 10 KB) if you want your site navigation to remain fluid.</p>

<p class="spip">In particular, make sure that the names of your files have an <i class="spip">extension</i> indicating their formats: <strong class="spip">.gif</strong>, <strong class="spip">.jpg</strong> or <strong class="spip">.png</strong>. the file name itself is of no importance whatsoever provided that <i class="spip">you do not forget the extension</i>.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">If you create a button which supports «hovering», create two different graphic files (one for the «normal» state of the button and another one that appears when the mouse hovers over the button): it is imperative, then, that the two files have the same size (in pixels).</i></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Simple logo</strong> (no hovering)</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/logoart-1.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right">To add a button, a box is provided in the left column of the article, under the title «ARTICLE&#8217;S LOGO».</p>

<p class="spip">Depending on your browser version, click on the button «Browse», «Select», «File»...which opens a dialogue box allowing to select the graphic file corresponding to your button from your hard drive.</p>

<p class="spip">Once the file is selected, click on the button «Upload». Et voil&agrave;...! your button appears. It is followed by a button «Delete logo» that simply offers you to delete this logo.</p>

<p class="spip">If you do not plan to use a hovering logo, no more steps are needed.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Replacing the logo</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/logoart-2.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="left">You could wish to replace the logo with another file. This is achieved in two steps:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;start by «Deleting the logo»: the previous box, containing the «Upload» button reappears;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;upload the new file, according to the procedure already described.</p>

<p class="spip">Due to the browsers way of work, the image which is displayed then, is wrong, since it is in fact the previous version (the image is in the browser&#8217;s «cache»). Click on this image (with the right button of your mouse, or while pressing the «ctrl» key on the Macintosh) to show a contextual drop-down menu: select the option «Reload image». The new version of your logo will then appear.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Logo for hovering</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/logoart-3.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right">After installing the first file, the box displays not only the logo you have just installed on the server, but adds to it a second box, entitled «HOVERING LOGO». It is in this box that you can select the second file aimed at the management of hovering.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">If, after installing both files, you delete the first one (the «simple» button), the box of the second logo disappears. Indeed, in the absence of the first logo, there is no point in managing any hovering!</i></p>

<p class="spip">No intervention in the «text» of your article is necessary. At the time of the display on the public site, the management of the sections logos is entirely automated. The HTML code will be generated according to the size of the logo, and the hovering instructions in JavaScript will be created automatically as well.</p><h2>artstatut/Article status</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Article status</h3>
<p class="spip">The article <i class="spip">status</i> concerns its editorial situation in the site. the article can take the following states:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;editing in progress;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;submitted for evaluation;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;published online;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;to the dustbin;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;rejected.</p>

<p class="spip">These states, that only the administrators can modify, enable the site management.</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">P.S.</strong> the articles status is symbolised by coloured bullets.</p>

<p class="spip"><IMG SRC="img_pack/puce-blanche.gif"> <strong class="spip">editing in progress</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When it is created, an article is of course considered as being in progress: its authors are in the process of writing it or modifying it ...</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">When editing is in progress, the article appears only to its authors and to the administrators. the other site editors do not have access to it.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><IMG SRC="img_pack/puce-orange.gif"> <strong class="spip">Submitted for evaluation</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When the author considers that his article is ready, he «suggests» it to the other participants, so that it could possibly be discussed collectively, before being validated (published online) or rejected.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">When the  article is «submitted for evaluation», it appears in the «Launch pad» page of all the users of the private area, who are requested to join in its discussion through the internal discussion forum located below the article.</p>

<p class="spip">Such an article is then visible to all editors. On the other hand, it can only be modified by its author or an administrator.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><IMG SRC="img_pack/puce-verte.gif"> <strong class="spip">Published online</strong></p>

<p class="spip">After being possibly discussed by the editors (during the submission stage), an article could be «validated», that is, published online by an administrator.By then, it is available to all the visitors of the public site.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Once an article has been published online, only 
administratorscan modify it. Its author- unless also an administrator - can no longer modify it,
but has to go through an administrator to make any corrections.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><IMG SRC="img_pack/puce-rouge.gif"> <strong class="spip">Rejected</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A «submitted» article, which does not conform to the editorial line of the site, can be «rejected» if the administrators refuse to publish it online.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">A «rejected» article becomes visible only to its author and to the administrators.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">However, a «rejected» article cannot be modified by its author anymore, hence stopping him from re-submitting it for publication. In the case of an article requiring modification, it is then advised to re-place the article in the «editing in progress» status instead of just «reject» it, in order for its author to be able to modify it and re-submit it later.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><IMG SRC="img_pack/puce-poubelle.gif"> <strong class="spip">To the dustbin</strong></p>

<p class="spip">An article can be sent «to the dustbin» only by an administrator.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">An article sent «to the dustbin» is not visible anymore in the private area, even for the administrators. Be careful then, this option is «radical»: the article disappears completely.</p>

<p class="spip">In fact, the article is still saved in the database, but becomes extremely difficult to reach with the tools provided by SPIP.</i></p>

<p class="spip">Therefore, this option is reserved to articles created by mistake, and destined to be totally removed. Often then, it is advised to choose the «rejected» option instead because it is less dramatic.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Finally, it is worth noting that the administrators can, at any time, modify the <i class="spip">status</i> of an article. Hence a published article could well be placed again in «editing» mode. However, once an article is published online, do not overdo these changes of status: you will end up with a site «full of holes», with appearing and disappearing pages, which is very penalising for the visitor.</p><h2>artprop/Submitting an article</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Submitting an article</h3>
<p class="spip">While an article is in progress (see the section «<A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=artstatut" target="_top">Article status</A>»), it displays a button «asking for the publication of this article».</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Only the article&#8217;s author is allowed to perform this operation.</i></p>

<p class="spip">This means that the article is «submitted for evaluation», that is, submitted to all the other editors who are requested to comment on it while awaiting to be validated (published) or rejected by the administrators.</p>

<p class="spip">Warning: once the article is submitted for evaluation, it is not possible anymore for the author to reconsider his decision and to re-place his text in the «editing in progress» mode.
Consequently, the operation «Ask for the publication of this article» must only be performed after the author makes sure that his text is complete and final. Only an administrator can place the text again in the «editing in progress» mode.</p>



<h1>Sections</h1>

<h2>rubhier/Hierarchical structure of the sections</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Hierarchical structure of the sections</h3>
<p class="spip">The sections structure constitutes the framework of your site; it is this structure which will determine its interface, its way of navigation, the relationship between articles and news...</p>

<p class="spip">In SPIP, this structure is of the <i class="spip">hierarchical</i> type: a section can contain sub-sections which can contain other sub-sections themselves, and so on.</p>

<CENTER><IMG SRC="AIDE/en/rubhier-1.gif" BORDER=0 ></CENTER>
<p class="spip">In the above example, we clearly see that section&nbsp;222 relates to section&nbsp;22, which itself relates to section&nbsp;2 which does not relate to any other section (in this case, we say that section&nbsp;2 is <i class="spip">in the site root</i>.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">By hierarchical structure we mean that a section is a child of only one other section (and not of several) and that a section cannot be the child of one of its own sub-sections (which means that SPIP does not allow circular structures). This very classical structure was adopted because of its ease of use.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">Only administrators can create, modify or delete sections.</strong></p><h2>rubrub/Selecting a section</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Selecting the section</h3>
<p class="spip">The operation of this drop-down menu is very simple: the menu displays the whole section hierarchy (in the order in which the site administrators created them), you just have to select the one in which you want to place your sub-section.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">moving a section</strong></p>

<CENTER><img src="AIDE/en/rubrub.gif"  border="0"></CENTER>
<p class="spip">Through this drop-down menu, you can transfer this section to being the child of another section. In this case, you must understand that the set of sub-sections contained in this section will Â«moveÂ» along with it in the hierarchy of the site. In the same way, the articles contained in this section and its sub-sections will move along with it.</p><h2>rublogo/Section&#8217;s logo</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Section&#8217;s logo</h3>
<p class="spip"><A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=logoart" TARGET="_top"><img src="AIDE/en/logoart-2.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right"></A></p>

<p class="spip">You can install on your site a logo for each section. This logo could be unique (fixed image) or animated to manage mouse hovering.</p>

<p class="spip">The images installation for this section logo is exactly the same as the installation of the <A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=logoart" TARGET="_top">article&#8217;s logo</A>.</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">P.S.</strong> The section logos have a <i class="spip">recursive</i> behaviour: in case of a logo missing for a given section, SPIP will try to substitute it with the logo of a parent section:</p>

<CENTER><IMG SRC="AIDE/en/rubhier-1.gif" BORDER=0 ></CENTER>
<p class="spip">In the above hierarchy, and in case of a missing logo for section&nbsp;221, SPIP will substitute it (only for the visit of the public site) with the logo of section&nbsp;22 or if the latter is also missing with the logo of section&nbsp;2. Otherwise, SPIP will display the logo installed in the site root.</p>

<p class="spip">You should note also that, if the webmaster has programmed it that way, a section logo could be used as a substitution logo for the articles that this section contains.</p>



<h1>News items</h1>

<h2>breves/News items</h2>
<h3 class="spip">News</h3>
<p class="spip">News items are a simple and fast method of publication in SPIP. Unlike articles, news item are made of a very small volume of information: a title, a text and a hypertext link. Therefore, the news system is ideal for a follow-up of current events, a press review, etc.</p><h2>brevesrub/Selecting a section</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Location of news in the site structure</h3>
<p class="spip">In order to ease their use (and to avoid redundancy between news and articles), integration of news in the sections hierarchy is reduced to the bare minimum: news relate only to sections located at the root of the site.</p>

<CENTER><img src="AIDE/en/rubhier-1.gif" alt="Sections"  border="0"></CENTER>
<p class="spip">In our example, we can put news in sections 1 and 2 but not in their sub-sections (unlike articles which we can put anywhere). Thereby, the layout of the news page is created in terms of these upper sections and the drop-down menu that offers to set the position of the news is very short indeed.</p><h2>breveslien/Hypertext link</h2>
<h3 class="spip">News hypertext links</h3>
<p class="spip">In order to ease the use of news as part of an online press review, each news item can be attributed a hypertext link. You just indicate the name of the referenced  site or article and its URL.</p>

<p class="spip">Of course, this information is optional.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">P.S.</i> This links system does not prevent the insertion of hypertext links in the body of the news item&#8217;s text, but the <i class="spip">separate</i> hypertext link allows the webmaster to apply a specific graphical treatment to it.</p><h2>brevesstatut/News item&#8217;s status</h2>
<h3 class="spip">News status</h3>
<p class="spip">The management of a news item is simpler than that of an article. A news item does not have an author. Its status is either “Submitted” or “Validated” or “Rejected”. Only administrators can modify its status.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">News item Submitted</strong></p>

<p class="spip">“Submitted” news items are indicated on the page “Launch pad”: all the editors can consult them and edit them. Administrators are presented with two buttons - allowing their validation or rejection.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">News item validated</strong></p>

<p class="spip">“Validated” news items are those that appear on the public site. Only administrators can edit them then.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">News item rejected</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A “rejected” news item is not published on the public site and only administrators can have access to it in the private site.</p><h2>breveslogo/News item&#8217;s logo</h2>
<h3 class="spip">News item&#8217;s logo</h3>
<p class="spip"><A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=logoart" TARGET="_top"><img src="AIDE/en/logoart-2.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right"></A>
You can install a logo for each news item on your site. This logo could be unique (fixed image) or animated to manage mouse hovering.</p>

<p class="spip">The images installation for this news item logo is exactly the same as the installation of the <A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=logoart" TARGET="_top">article&#8217;s logo</A>.</p>



<h1>Images and documents</h1>

<h2>ins_img/Inserting images</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Inserting images in the text</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP offers the possibility to illustrate your articles and news with images. This will be achieved in a number of steps: you must send the image file to the site, then insert the image inside the text.</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Preparing: <strong class="spip">Images formats</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When you create your images (with your usual application), you must save them in one of the following formats:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;GIF; (extension <strong class="spip">.gif</strong>)
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;JPEG; (extension <strong class="spip">.jpg</strong>)
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;PNG (extension <strong class="spip">.png</strong>).</p>

<p class="spip">You should particularly make sure that your files names end up with an extension indicating their format: <strong class="spip">.gif</strong>, <strong class="spip">.jpg</strong> or <strong class="spip">.png</strong>. If you install a file with a missing extension in its name, the system will be unable to use the image.</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Step 1: <strong class="spip">Installing the images on the server</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/ins_img1.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right">Before you can insert your images in the text, you obviously have to install them on the server. This is achieved, in SPIP, through the graphical interface.</p>

<p class="spip">When you “modify” an article or a news item, the left column displays a form called: “Add an image”. It takes the form of a <i class="spip">text field</i> followed by a button labelled (depending on the version of your browser) “Browse”, “Select”, “File”...</p>

<p class="spip">When you click on this button, a dialogue box opens to allow you to browse your hard disk and select the graphic file you want.</p>

<p class="spip">Having done this, click on the button called: “Upload”.</p>

<p class="spip">If the operation succeeds, your image will appear in the left column, accompanied by several settings...</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Step 2: <strong class="spip">information concerning your image</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/ins_img2.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right">Once your image sent to the server, a box appears on the left of the screen. It contains all the information concerning this image. (part of this information will be masked, click on the small triangle to “unfold” the information box).</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">image size.</i> Just above the image, the width and height of your image (in pixels) are displayed.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">display as thumbnail</i>. A preview of your image appears. If the image is too large (more than 200 pixels wide), a thumbnail of the image is displayed instead.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">SPIP shortcuts</i>. see below: SPIP will remind you of the 3 “shortcuts”, which enable you to insert this image within your text. It is worth noting that every image is “numbered” thus: “IMG1”, “IMG2”... These “shortcuts” are used in the third step.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Image size</i>. Just above the image, its width and height (in pixels) are displayed.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip"> Image title and description</i>. If you wish, you can enter a title and a description for each image, such as an explanation, the photographer copyright notice...</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Delete this image</i>. As you can guess, “Delete this image” button allows you to delete this file, if you made a mistake or if you decide you do not want to use the image in the text. It is advisable to delete unused images to prevent clogging the server with unwanted files.</p>

<p class="spip">You can repeat this operation with as many images as you wish (an article or a news item can contain as many images as needed).</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Step 3: <strong class="spip">Inserting an image inside the text</strong></p>

<p class="spip">At this stage, the graphic files are actually stored on the server, yet you need to indicate where they should be inserted in your text. There is no need to write HTML for that, SPIP offers you a Â«shortcutÂ» enabling the insertion of your image easily.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Images without caption</i></p>

<p class="spip">For each image, look at the 3 shortcuts:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;&lt;img1|left&gt;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;&lt;img1|center&gt;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;&lt;img1|right&gt;</p>

<p class="spip">Copy one of these shortcuts (the figure corresponds to the number of the image, it then changes for each file), and paste it inside the box called “Text”, at the location you want the image to appear. “left”  aligns the image to the left, “right”  to the right and “center” centres your image in the text.</p>

<p class="spip">When the page is displayed, SPIP will replace these shortcuts by the corresponding HTML tags by automatically calculating the dimensions of the images.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Images with title and description</i></p>

<p class="spip">If you entered a title and/or a description, the code &lt;img...&gt; is replaced with:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;&lt;doc1|left&gt;</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;&lt;doc1|center&gt;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;&lt;doc1|right&gt;</p>

<p class="spip">These shortcuts are used in the same way as above; however, when you insert such a “shortcut”, SPIP inserts not only the image but the title and the description that you previously entered. Thus, your image appears with the eventual explanation, copyright notice, the name of the artist etc.</p><h2>ins_doc/Attaching documents</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Attaching multimedia documents</h3>
<p class="spip">The SPIP interface allows you to integrate multimedia files to your site (sound, video, text,...).</p>

<p class="spip">Editors can attach documents to articles. These documents can be located either at the end of the text (a bit like “attachements”), or inside the text as a preview vignette (or thumbnail).</p>

<p class="spip">Site administrators can also install documents directly in the sections.</p>

<p class="spip">You should note the important difference between those two ways: in articles, documents are “attachements” which are useless without the article to which they are associated (in the site navigation, you can view these files from the articles); when they are installed directly in the sections, these documents become elements of the site like the articles and news, and not an information supplement anymore.</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Step 1: <strong class="spip">Installing the documents on the server</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/ins_doc1.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right">The files installation on the server is performed through the interface Â«Attach documentÂ» for the articles and “Publish a document in this section” for the sections.</p>

<p class="spip">Notice that, for the articles, this interface appears in two different locations: at the bottom of each article&#8217;s page and on the left (under the images) when you modify an article. Those two interfaces have exactly the same functions, and you can use either of them according to your needs. As for the sections, the documents installation is performed on the page required section itself.</p>

<p class="spip">Before you install your files, you have to create them on your computer. The document upload interface reminds you of the list of formats supported by the system. <i class="spip">You should make sure that you name your files with the correct extension (for instance, </i>“xxxxxx.mp3”<i class="spip"> for an MP3 file.</i>)</p>

<p class="spip">The interface is the same as the one for the images: the button “File” or “Browse” (depending on the browser) opens a window allowing you to select the file on your hard drive. Once you select the file, click on “Upload” to send it to the server. <i class="spip">Warning: this operation can take a lot of time, depending on the size of the file. You should also note that depending on the settings of your host, big files could be rejected; in this case you can bypass this limitation by <A HREF="aide_index.php3?aide=ins_upload" 
TARGET="_top">installing your files via FTP</A>.</i></p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Step  2: <strong class="spip">Information and vignette</strong></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="AIDE/en/ins_doc2.gif" alt=" "  border="0" align="right">Once the file has been transferred to the server, an information box appears. Several operations can be performed therein.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<i class="spip">Preview vignette</i></p>

<p class="spip">This idea is very important: unlike images which can be inserted in the text, documents do not appear straight away. A preview vignette is displayed to the visitor who clicks on it, should he need the corresponding document.</p>

<p class="spip">The top part of the information box allows you to choose the preview vignette. You can accept the <i class="spip">default vignette</i> or install a <i class="spip">customised logo</i>.</p>

<p class="spip">The default vignette is installed automatically by the system, depending on the document format. The advantage of accepting this vignette is that the symbols of the documents of the same type for the whole site will be consistent.</p>

<p class="spip">If you prefer, you can install a logo (preferably small and of the format GIF, JPG or PNG), which will appear instead of the default vignette. Once this logo installed, a “Delete the customised vignette” link allows you to go back to the default vignette if necessary.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;In the article modification page, the “shortcuts” allowing you to insert a document in the text are identical to the images ones.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;The bottom part enables you to enter a title and a description for your document. There is no need to enter here the format or the size of the multimedia file, this information will be automatically provided by the publishing system.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;Finally, the button “Delete this document” deletes the unnecessary files. <i class="spip">You should note that it is imperative to delete unwanted documents, otherwise they would appear on the public site.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Concerning the documents installed in the sections,</strong> you can also modify the publication date of the document (according to the same principle of the modification of articles and news). Once these settings submitted, the sections documents are immediately available on the public site (there is no need to validate them like the articles and news).</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Step 3: <strong class="spip">Insert documents in articles text</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Concerning the documents associated with articles, you can simply install them and enter the information (steps 1 and 2 above). When you publish the article, these documents will appear at the end of the text in as a list of <i class="spip">attached documents</i>.</p>

<p class="spip">However, you can also decide to insert the preview vignettes inside the text. You will have then, images that you can click inside the article.</p>

<p class="spip">The procedure here is exactly the same as the one for the images, the only difference is that the vignettes will be elements that you can click. Insert a shortcut like &lt;imgxx|yy&gt; or &lt;docxx|yy&gt; whether you want to display the vignette alone or with its title and description.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">You should note that</i> the documents that you install inside the text will not appear <i class="spip">under the article</i> anymore. For articles, there two locations where the documents appear: inside the text (vignette that you can click), or at the end of the article under the expression “Attached documents”.</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">Special case: <strong class="spip">Video and sound documents</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Some multimedia files are meant to be displayed directly on a web page (for instance, a video clip inserted directly in the article).</p>

<p class="spip">To be able to insert such documents inside the text as a multimedia animation and not as a vignette, you must enter its dimensions: width and height strictly greater than zero (for sound files you choose the width you wish to attribute to the play cursor and a low height such as 25&nbsp;pixels).</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">You should note that</i> the boxes allowing you to enter the dimensions will only appear for the documents of certain formats supported by SPIP for their integration in the articles (namely: avi, quicktime, real, flash).</p>

<p class="spip">Once you have entered these dimensions, an additional SPIP shortcut will be provided, in the shape of &lt;embxx|yy&gt; (as a reminder “<strong class="spip">emb</strong>ed”).</p>

<p class="spip">If you are very familiar with this sort of integration, you will be happy to know that you can add additional parameters such as:</p>

<form action="/" method="get"><div><textarea readonly='readonly' cols='40' rows='1' class='spip_cadre' dir='ltr'>&lt;emb54|center|autostart=true|quality=hight&gt;</textarea></div></form><h2>ins_upload/Installing files via FTP</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Install files via ftp</h3>
<p class="spip">Some servers do not allow file uploading through a web interface. furthermore, it could be very awkward to send large files that way. SPIP allows you to bypass these limitations by installing files used for images and documents by FTP.</p>

<p class="spip">Of course, this operation is restricted to users who have the connection code to the FTP server.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">The folder /ecrire/upload</strong></p>

<p class="spip">With your FTP client, you just have to install your files (images, multimedia documents) in the folder /ecrire/upload of your SPIP site.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">The files drop-down menu</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Having done that, a drop-down menu appears automatically after the interface of web files uploading and displays the files contained in this folder. You just have to select the file that you need and validate your choice.</p>

<p class="spip">If the operation succeeds, remember to delete the file from the folder /ecrire/upload (the system has created a copy of this file in another location on the server, your original file is therefore not needed anymore), to avoid jamming the drop-down menu.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">All the files at once</strong></p>

<p class="spip">If you install several files at once in the folder /ecrire/upload, an additional feature will be available to you on the site interface: you can install all these files in one batch. This could prove to be very practical while creating fast portfolios.</p>

<h3 class="spip">Images and documents collections</h3>
<p class="spip">You can easily add a collection of images and documents in one go by uploading a <i class="spip">zip</i> archive containing all of these documents.</p>

<p class="spip">SPIP will then suggest adding this archive as is to the article or extract the archive to attach its content to the article.</p>



<h1>Keywords</h1>

<h2>mots/The keywords principle</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Keywords</h3>
<p class="spip">One of SPIP&#8217;s most important restrictions is its hierarchical structure: each article can belong to only one section, which could sometimes cause classification problems.</p>

<p class="spip">Keywords offer a way of cross navigation inside the site. By associating one or more keywords to an article, we have at our disposal a way to create links to other articles with similar topics but located in other sections.</p>

<p class="spip">Keywords do not offer much benefit unless each one is associated with several articles, in order to be able to link these different articles to each others.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Only the administrators can create and modify keywords.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Frequently, the sections structure, if it is well built, can do without keywords: articles with the same topic are simply located in the same section, it is, therefore, pointless to add those keywords to indicate the topic of each one. Administrators can then, totally disable the use of keywords in the <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" target="_top">Precise configuration</a> page.</i></p><h2>artmots/Keywords</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Keywords</h3>
<p class="spip">In order to diversify the navigation in the site, it is possible to attribute <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=mots" target="_top">Keywords</a> to articles, news, and referenced sites. This way, not only the site visitor browses from section to section, but from an article dealing with a topic (indicated by a keyword) to another article associated with the same keyword as well.</p>

<p class="spip">It is possible to specify, for each article, news item or site, as many keywords as needed.</p>

<p class="spip">A drop-down menu lists all the keywords of the site. It is very easy to use. <i class="spip">Note: if the number of keywords exceeds 50, this drop-down menu is replaced by a search engine: just enter the desired keyword and click on «Search».</i></p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">P.S.</strong> Only the administrators can create keywords from within the page dedicated to their management (the «Keywords» button in the top navigation bar).</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Administrators can disable the use of keywords for the whole site in the «<a href="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" target="_top">precise Configuration</A>» section.</i></p><h2>motsgroupes/Keyword groups</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Keywords groups</h3>
<p class="spip">When you use a lot of keywords, it becomes awkward to manage them efficiently. That is why you can create groups containing those keywords. The interface then, becomes neater (for instance, a «Countries» group could contain «Namibia», «Germany», «Peru» while a «Topics» group contains «Unemployment», «Poetry», «Animals»...).</p>



<h1>Referenced sites</h1>

<h2>reference/Referencing a site</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Referenced sites</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP offers a complete management system for lists of links to other sites. This system is very comprehensive and offers particularly:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;grouping of these lists in sections (same sections containing articles or specific sections dedicated to this use, in the same way as a links directory);
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;associating a logo with each site;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;associating keywords with each referenced site;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;adding a customised description to each site.</p>

<p class="spip">Furthermore, and for the sites that permit it, you can automatically fetch the latest articles published (refer to «<a href="aide_index.php3?aide=rubsyn" target="_top">Syndicated sites</a>»).</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">Referencing a new site</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A button labelled «Reference a new site» in every section page in your site allows you to add a new site.</p>

<p class="spip">The «traditional» way is to indicate the site&#8217;s name and its URL, then to insert a description. It is also possible to select the section of your site in which this referencing is to be inserted.</p>

<p class="spip">A box at the bottom of the page allows you to manage any possible syndication of the content. For more details on this matter refer to the explanation of  <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=rubsyn "target="_top">syndicated sites</a>. For a straightforward referencing, you just select the option «no syndication».</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">Quick referencing</strong></p>

<p class="spip">During the creation of a new site referencing, a box appears at the top of the page to offer you a quick referencing of a site without the need to enter its name or description. For this, you just have to enter the URL of the page you wish to reference and to submit. As far as possible, SPIP will go to this address and try to automatically fetch the page title and a description. You can modify this information at a later time.</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">Who can suggest referenced sites?</strong></p>

<p class="spip">In the «Precise configuration» page, administrators can specify that only administrators have the possibility to suggest sites, or the editors or even the site visitors (in the last case, a form on the public site will give the visitors the opportunity to suggest sites).</p>

<p class="spip">Anyway, only the administrators can validate these referencing suggestions. When a site referencing is suggested, all the participants to the private area can discuss the relevance of the suggestion in a forum linked to each site.</p><h2>rubsyn/Syndicated sites</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Syndicated sites</h3>
<p class="spip">Sites developed by an automated publishing system (like SPIP or phpNuke) can easily create a file indicating always the list of their latest publications. In particular, there is standard format for this sort of file called «backend file».</p>

<p class="spip">This file can be easily and automatically analysed in order to fetch constantly the list of latest news of such sites. That way, SPIP allows you to display, on your own site, the list of the latest articles published by other sites.</p>

<p class="spip">For each <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=reference" target="_top">referenced site</a> in your own sections, you have the possibility to fetch the list of the latest articles published on that site. That is, of course, if the referenced site offers a <i class="spip">backend</i> file.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">How to find the files «backend.php3»?</strong></p>

<p class="spip">For sites managed under SPIP or phpNuke, those <i class="spip">backend</i> files are easy to locate: that is simply the file located in the site root and called «bakend.php3» (or «backend.php»). For example, concerning uZine (<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.minirezo.net/</code>), the backend file address is:</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.minirezo.net/backend.php</code></p>

<p class="spip">Other examples of backend files include:</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.davduf.net/backend.php</code>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.vacarme.eu.org/backend.php</code>
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.vakooler.com/backend.php</code></p>

<p class="spip">You should note that <i class="spip"><a href="http://rezo.net/backend" target="autre">L&#8217;autre portail</a></i> provides such files for the sites which it references, even if those sites do not have their own backend system. You will find on that page about thirty backend files for the sites referenced by <i class="spip">L&#8217;autre portail</i>, as well as a handful of theme files.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Adding a syndicated site to your own site</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When you reference a site in one of your sections, in addition to indicating the name of the site, its homepage URL and a description, you can choose to syndicate it (therefore, a syndicated site is primarily a referenced site from which we ask SPIP to fetch the list of the latest publications).</p>

<p class="spip">To achieve this, select the option «syndication» and enter the URL of the <i class="spip">backend</i> file of the desired site. Immediately after submitting, a message appears to tell whether the syndication has succeeded.</p>

<p class="spip">If the syndication fails:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;make sure you entered the correct URL for that site;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;make sure that the site you are trying to syndicate is actually accessible online.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Quick referencing</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The quick site referencing feature (enter directly the site&#8217;s URL and SPIP will undertake the task of fetching the necessary information automatically) is very well suited to syndicated sites. Indeed, instead of entering the homepage URL during the referencing, you should enter the <i class="spip">backend</i> file URL of this site: SPIP will automatically fetch a big volume of information and proceeds directly with the syndication.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Syndicated articles</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When the syndication succeeds, SPIP displays the list of the latest articles published by that site. Look at the help page dedicated <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=artsyn" target="_top">to the management of those links</a>.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">The backend file of your own site</strong></p>

<p class="spip">SPIP automatically creates the backend file of your own site. However, do not forget to set up the name and the URL of your site on the <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=confnom" target="_top">Precise configuration</a> page.</p><h2>artsyn/Syndicated articles</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Syndicated articles</h3>
<p class="spip">When you request a <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=rubsyn" target="_top">site syndication</a>, SPIP displays a list of the latest articles published on this site, under the label «Syndicated articles pulled out from this site».</p>

<p class="spip">For each article, SPIP displays:
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;the article&#8217;s title (you just click on this title to access the article on its original site);
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;the article&#8217;s authors, should there be any;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;the article&#8217;s description, should there be one.</p>

<p class="spip">This information, pulled automatically out of the referenced site, cannot be modified.</p>

<p class="spip">Furthermore, for each article, a button labelled «block this link» allows you to block its display on your own site (because the article does not suit you or there is an error disabling this link...). You can restore the display of this article on your site at any time.</p>

<p class="spip">It is also possible to request that each future link coming from the site should be blocked beforehand. The articles pulled out will not be displayed unless you validate each one of them «manually».</p><h2>confhttpproxy/Using a proxy</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Using a HTTP proxy</h3>
<p class="spip">If your site is behind a firewall, you could find that you have to configure a HTTP proxy to be able to fetch the new syndicated sites over the internet.</p>

<p class="spip">This proxy should allow outgoing requests without any authentication.</p>

<p class="spip">In your site configuration (in the section labelled «SPIP features»), enter the proxy in the following format:</p>

<p class="spip"><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://proxyname:port/</code></p>

<p class="spip">where <i class="spip">proxyname</i> is the name of the server acting as a proxy, and <i class="spip">port</i> is the number of the TCP port (most frequently 3128, 8080, or even 80) which will handle the requests.</p>

<p class="spip">Warning: This set-up is global: SPIP will fetch all the syndicated sites through this proxy. If you need more precise settings, you must contact your network administrator.</p>



<h1>Internal messaging</h1>

<h2>messut/<img src='ecrire/img_pack/m_envoi.gif' border=0> Messages between users</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Messages between users</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP makes it easy to exchange messages between users of the site, without going through e-mails.</p>

<p class="spip">When a message is «sent» by a user to one or several other users, it turns into a private discussion forum. That way, once a message is sent, a discussion can take place, in the shape of a forum located under this message. With SPIP, we can consider that a message is also a private forum (that is, there is no point in exchanging a large amount of messages to hold a discussion, you simply «remain» in the same message with your correspondent to "chat", thanks to the private forum associated with him).</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Note:</i> Messages between users and their associated forums are private, this means that SPIP does not offer any interface for the administrators to see those messages. However, bear in mind that this confidentiality is very relative: a site administrator armed with a direct access tool to the database, can always check these messages.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Creating a message/discussion</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The simplest way to send a message is to click on the green logo (a small «M» followed by a triangle) displayed next to the recipient name. This will immediately opens a new message.</p>

<p class="spip">The second way is to use the button labelled «New Message» which appears on every page in SPIP. This will open a new message without recipient. Before sending the message, you should, of course, specify the recipient.</p>

<p class="spip">The editing interface of these messages is very straightforward.</p>

<p class="spip">The only common error to avoid is to forget to «send» this message: as long as the message has the status «Editing in progress», only its author can have access to it. It should then be sent in order for the recipients to see it (warning: once a message has been sent, it cannot be modified anymore).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Adding/removing a recipient</strong></p>

<p class="spip">At any moment in time, it is possible to add a recipient: either during the editing of the message or after it was sent (for instance, to add a new participant to a discussion in a forum which is interesting to him).</p>

<p class="spip">In the same way, you can remove a participant at any moment. Besides, a button labelled «Stop participation to this discussion» allows any participant to remove himself from a discussion.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Making a appointment</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Any message can be turned into a appointment: this means that it is linked to a date displayed in SPIP&#8217;s calendar.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Can we write to any user of the site?</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Some editors could be unreachable (they do not show in the list «Add a participant» and their name is not accompanied by a messaging logo):
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;editors could decide individually, not to use the internal messaging system;
<br /><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;editors who did not connect to the private area for more than 15 days are unreachable (for these users who seldom connect, it is preferable to use ordinary e-mails).</p><h2>messpense/<img src='ecrire/img_pack/m_envoi_bleu.gif' border=0> Memos</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Memos</h3>
<p class="spip">A memo («memorandum» or «memory juggler») is shaped like a message: but it does not require any recipient. Only its author can have access to it.</p>

<p class="spip">It is clear from its name that the memo aims at recording elements we would like to preserve.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Inserting a memo in the calendar</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The most practical use of the memo is to give it a date. That way, the memo acts as a reminder to its author until that date (and during the following 24 hours) and it appears in SPIP&#8217;s calendar.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Note:</i> As with messages between users, we attract your attention to the relative confidentiality of these memos. SPIP does not offer any interface for the administrators to see your messages. However, other direct access tools to the database, are capable of doing it.</p><h2>messcalen/The calendar</h2>
<h3 class="spip">The calendar</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP&#8217;s calendar offers two types of information:</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">information common to the whole site;</strong> these are the published articles and news - That way, the calendar allows articles retrieval according to their date of online publication;</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">private information;</strong> these are the messages between users and the memos endowed with an appointment date. This calendar then, can act as a reminder and a diary.</p>

<p class="spip">You should note that each calendar day is accompanied by a small blue logo: this logo allows the creation of a memo directly associated to that date (the time of the appointment can be adjusted more precisely thanks to the editing interface of this memo).</p><h2>messconf/Messaging customisation</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Messaging customisation</h3>
<p class="spip">Each user can customise the configuration of internal messaging.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Note:</i> Site administrators can decide not to use the messaging system or the list of connected users. Anyway, if an option is disabled globally for the whole site (by an administrator), editors cannot have access to it.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Do not use internal messaging</strong></p>

<p class="spip">If internal messaging is available for the whole site (option reserved for administrators), each user can take an individual decision not to use it (That is, he simply does not wish to exchange messages with other users through this system).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Do not use the list of connected users</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When this feature is available (by the administrators choice), and while he is using internal messaging, an editor can take an individual decision not to participate to the list of connected users.</p>

<p class="spip">This feature continuously displays the list of connected users in real time, which makes it easy for users to take part in quick discussions. Some users may find this feature intrusive and/or may not wish to be «disturbed» when they connect. They just have to disable this option: they will not appear on the list of connected editors anymore, and this list will no longer show on their pages.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">Note:</i> When an administrator indicates that he does not wish to appear on the list of connected editors, the list still shows: he «sees» the others, but the others do not «see» him.</p>



<h1>Forums follow-up</h1>

<h2>suiviforum/Forums follow-up</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Forums follow-up</h3>
<p class="spip">The forums follow-up page is an important element of your site if you allow the use of public forums (on this matter, refer to the documentation about <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=confforums" target="_top">public forums configuration</a>). It is here, in fact, that the forums moderation takes place.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Messages display</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Messages are not displayed here according to their hierarchical structure (by <i class="spip">threads</i>), but one after the other in a reverse chronological order (the most recent first). On the other hand, each message is accompanied by the name of the article it refers to.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Deleting a message</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The main feature here is the ability to <i class="spip">delete</i> contributions. <strong class="spip">Warning:</strong> this operation is irreversible. However, a deleted message is not removed from the database: it appears on this page surrounded by a red frame, accompanied by the date the message was received and the IP address of the sender.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;If you already configured public forums with the option of a <i class="spip">beforehand</i> moderation, messages in waiting are yellow framed and offer two buttons: <i class="spip">delete this message</i> and <i class="spip">validate this message</i>.</p>



<h1>The site configuration</h1>

<h2>confnom/Name and URL of your site</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Name and URL of your site</h3>
<p class="spip">The name and URL of your site are, in particular, used to generate the file «backend.php3» which allows the syndication of your site (i.e. display the last 10 articles published by your site in another site).</p>

<p class="spip">Your site&#8217;s URL must be the address of the homepage <i class="spip">folder</i> not that of  the corresponding HTML file; therefore it must be ended with the character «/». If your homepage address is:</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.mysite.net/index.html</code>,</p>

<p class="spip">Your site&#8217;s URL should be written thus:</p>

<p class="spip"><code class='spip_code' dir='ltr'>http://www.mysite.net/</code></p><h2>confart/Articles content</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Articles content</h3>
<p class="spip">The articles are made of a number of elements: the title, the top title, the subtitle, the description, the deck, the postscript... However, some sites do not need all these elements: either the editors do not use them or the graphical interface of the public site does not include them.</p>

<p class="spip">In order to lighten the site&#8217;s management interface and/or simply to stop the editors from using certain elements that the webmaster does not wish to include, the «precise configuration» page allows to disable completely the use of these elements.</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">P.S.</strong> It is important to understand that, with regard to the choice of  <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=intersimple" target="_top"><i class="spip">simplified interface / complete interface</i></a>, which only influences the interface of each user, the choice of the options of the «Precise configuration» influences all the users. So if you disable the use of the top title, no editor and no administrator could use top titles in his articles.</p>

<p class="spip">The interface will adapt to the presence or the absence of these elements. If you disable the use of keywords the corresponding button in the top navigation bar will simply disappear.</p><h2>confdates/Post-dated articles</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Publication of post-dated articles</h3>
<p class="spip">It is possible for administrators to modify an article&#8217;s <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=artdate" target="_top">date of online publication</a> (when this article is declared as «published online»).</p>

<p class="spip">How should SPIP behave when we set this date of online publication to a value in the future? Should SPIP publish all the articles, whatever their publication date (risking an odd display with an article showing «31st of May 2002» while we are only on the 21st of May), or should it wait for the due date (here on the 31st of May) before displaying this article on the public site?</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;The main advantage of this operation is to be able to schedule the publication of a series of articles in advance. Practically: the webmaster goes on holiday for a month; if he already wrote some articles, he can place them in the private area as «published online», but set for them publication dates spread over the month while he is absent. That way, rather than publishing online a <i class="spip">bundle</i> of articles in one go, then nothing for a month, the site will regularly publish «new» articles despite the absence of their author.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;As for a science fiction site publishing a <i class="spip">Martian chronicle</i>, it should find it desirable to disable this feature, unless it wants to wait for the year 2030 to publish its stories. The same thing applies to a monthly online publication when it publishes its April issue on the 20th of March.</p><h2>confforums/Operating the forums</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Operation of public forums</h3>
<p class="spip">The way to manage public forums varies from one webmaster to another, namely according to the actual needs of the site. Some webmasters do not want forums, some want free access forums, others still prefer to moderate the forums <i class="spip">beforhand</i>, by publishing the messages only after they were validated by an administrator.</p>

<p class="spip">SPIP allows you to determine the operation of your public forums (the forums which are internal to the site management are always managed as open forums for all the editors, and moderated <i class="spip">afterwards</i>).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Disabling public forums</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When the forums are disabled, the sending contributions interface disappears and the old contributions are no longer displayed (they are not deleted from the database, but their display is interrupted). This option stops the operation of the forums, even if the forums display is coded in the site layout (templates).</p>

<p class="spip">You can use it permanently (the site never provides discussion forums) or temporarily (suspend forums activity to calm a crazy spammer  or to go on a plane spotting holiday ...or even to transfer your site to another server).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Afterwards moderated forums</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When forums are moderated <i class="spip">afterwards</i>, contributions are displayed  as soon as the users post them. You are then free to use the forums follow-up page provided by SPIP to moderate these messages with various degrees of severity. <i class="spip">a posteriori moderation is the default mode for SPIP.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Beforhand moderated forums</strong></p>

<p class="spip">In <i class="spip">beforhand</i> moderated  forums, users contributions are stored but not displayed. Administrators must use the forums follow-up page provided by SPIP to validate (or reject) each message.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Forums accessed by subscription</strong></p>

<p class="spip">If the forums are <i class="spip">accessible by subscription</i>, users wishing to contribute must register by providing their e-mail address. Then they receive their identification by e-mail. For editors who already have access to the private site, this identification corresponds to their usual login.</p>

<p class="spip">This mode is a compromise between the need for responsibility (the participants must provide a valid e-mail address) and the absence of beforhand moderation (once they are registered, these users can post their contributions directly).</p>

<p class="spip">Furthermore, this mode allows to exclude users who misuse forums (<i class="spip">black-list</i>). As a matter of fact, when you delete (via the forums follow-up page) a contribution posted in the «by subscription» mode, you can have access to the «file» (extremely small) of the author of this contribution. You can simply send this author «to the dustbin»: his identification will not work anymore and he will not be able to obtain a new one with the same e-mail address.</p>

<p class="spip"><font color='red'>Warning: the mode «forum by subscription» requires that your host supports automated e-mailing. If this is not the case, change your host ;)</font></p><h2>confbreves/The news system</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Enabling/disabling the news system</h3>
<p class="spip">Some sites do not use <i class="spip">news</i>, i.e. short articles without author. Perhaps, the webmaster did not include them in the layout of the public site.</p>

<p class="spip">In this case, you can simply decide to disable them. So the editors cannot create them. The interface will be all the less burdened.</p><h2>confmessagerie/Internal messaging</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Internal messaging</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP offers an internal messaging system (a section of the present documentation is dedicated to the <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=messut" target="_top">messages between users</a>, to the <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=messpense" target="_top">memos</a> and to the <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=messcalen" target="_top">calendar</a>).</p>

<p class="spip">You can decide to use all or parts of this system.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip"> Enabling/disabling internal messaging</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A reason for not using internal messaging could be the space that these messages take up in the database: these messages (such as the messages of the forums linked to your articles, for instance) are stored in the database and therefore take up disk space at your host&#8217;s. Moreover, the internal messaging features add an additional burden on the machine which is hosting your site (database queries): in case of a low specification (and/or very slow) machine, you would rather lighten the task and disable messaging.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Enabling/disabling the list of connected editors</strong></p>

<p class="spip">If you enable this feature, the list of users connected to your site&#8217;s  private area will show permanently. Notably, this will ease the exchange of instant messages between users.</p>

<p class="spip">This feature causes additional queries to the database; you would rather disable this features on a slow machine. It is worth noting that some users find this feature intrusive.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">You should note that:</i> When you enable the above features for the whole site, it is still possible, for every user, to <a href="aide_index.php3?aide=messconf" target="_top"> disable these features for his own use</a>. This way, if a user finds the internal messaging functions unnecessary or intrusive, he can simply disable this feature for his own use.</p><h2>confstat/Visits statistics</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Visits statistics</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP contains a very simple system allowing you to count and track the number of visits to the site and to each article. It also allows you to know which other sites directed visitors to your site and to each article.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Number of visits</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Every day, SPIP identifies «unique visitors» to your site according to their IP address. The system is fast and <i class="spip">relatively</i> reliable (it is a <i class="spip">relatively</i> accurate estimate of the number of visitors to the site, and not just «hits» or «watched pages»; a visitor coming back several times to the same page is counted as a unique «unique visitor»).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Direct visits or referrers</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A «direct visit» is an arrival to the site or to an article&#8217;s page from another web site which contains a hypertext link to your own site (the former is itself considered as a «referrer»).</p>

<p class="spip">For the entire site and for each article, SPIP displays the list of the main «referrers» (the pages displaying a hypertext link to your site), accompanied by the number of «direct visits» (the number of visitors who followed this link).</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">A «relatively» reliable system</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A complete system for traffic analysis is a very demanding application in terms of power and memory; therefore, the SPIP system is very simplified in order to be as fast as possible and as small as possible on the server&#8217;s hard drive. Furthermore, the counting of «unique visitors» is based on the visitors IP address every day, which is not the most precise method, we think, however, that it provides a  «relatively» reliable information.</p>

<p class="spip">If you want a thorough information of your site&#8217;s traffic, you could use another system more specialised in statistical analysis.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">A daily calculation</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The traffic follow-up system integrated to SPIP performs calculation of the number of visitors and referrers daily (not in real time). Consequently, some information could sometime look incoherent because it does not integrate the visits of the actual day, if in doubt, the specific page displaying the statistics is the one most reliable and detailed. Therefore, the statistics page of an article is only available after the first day of publication of that article (figures are unknown before that because SPIP has not analysed them yet).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Enabling/disabling statistics and referrers</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The counting of the number of unique visitors should not occupy a lot of space neither use a lot of computing power. There is no point, then, to disable it unless the server is very slow.</p>

<p class="spip">On the other hand, the system of counting referrers and direct visits is more demanding. it is, therefore, disabled by default. It is advised to enable it only on servers with no problems in computing power (servers which already struggle to calculate lengthy articles cannot surely cope with the burden of referrers calculation).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">PS:</strong> Disk space and computing time necessary for the follow-up of visits and referrers increase with your site&#8217;s traffic. The more a site is visited, the more the technical needs to perform these tasks increases.</p><h2>confmails/Automated e-mailing</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Automated e-mailing</h3>
<p class="spip">Editors and administrators do not necessarily spend their lives in the site management area. To facilitate collective work and follow-up of the site&#8217;s life, the system can warn by e-mail of some events happening to it...</p>

<p class="spip"><font color="red">Warning: some hosts disable the automated e-mailing feature. If you face this situation, the following options could not be enabled.</font></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Follow-up of public forum messages</strong></p>

<p class="spip">In order to enable the authors to follow the discussions triggered by their articles, this option offers to automatically forward to the author each message posted for his article.</p>

<p class="spip">If this option is enabled, the author(s) of the article will receive by mail the text of any message posted for their article as well as a reminder of this article&#8217;s URL; with one click, he (they) can then go to the page of the article and should he (they) wish to, post an answer to the message.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip"> Follow-up of editorial activity</strong></p>

<p class="spip">When an article is submitted for validation or published, you can ask SPIP to notify about it by mail. This way, participants to the site are informed in real time of the important developments of the site.</p>

<p class="spip">For a collective site (several editors), we advise you to create a mailing list of editors (SPIP does not provide the mailing list feature), to which you can post messages.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">News announcements</strong></p>

<p class="spip">This feature provided by SPIP offers to create e-mails of the kind «Latest news»: if you enable it and set up the delay between announcements, an e-mail is sent regularly to the specified address, summarising the latest published articles and news.</p>

<p class="spip">This feature is very simple to implement: if you enable this option by fixing the delay to 7 days, once every 7 days, SPIP will send the list of articles and news published during these 7 days to the specified address.</p>

<p class="spip">A «Send now» button triggers the immediate sending of this summary e-mail (and starts a new time interval of 7 days before releasing the next e-mail).</p>

<p class="spip">You can send this latest news announcement mail to the main webmaster&#8217;s address (who will forward it), or, if you like the complete self-managed sites, you can send the mail to the list of your subscribers (SPIP does not provide the mailing list feature).</p><h2>confmoteur/Integrated search engine</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Enabling/disabling the search engine</h3>
<p class="spip">SPIP contains a search engine. When it is enabled, an articles indexing system analyses the content of all articles. This operation, even though offering subsequent extremely fast searches, requires a lot of work from the server hosting the site. In the case of a slow host, this will cause a few problems.</p>

<p class="spip">For this reason, you can enable or disable the system indexing.</p>

<p class="spip">Data managed by the search engine integrated to SPIP nearly <strong class="spip">treble</strong> the disk space used by the database. On the other hand, on slow or heavily loaded systems, indexing could cause a slight degradation of performance, or even execution errors (extreme case).</p>

<p class="spip">Generally, if your site is very large, we advise not to use the search engine integrated to SPIP, and to choose other specialised products such as <a href='http://www.htdig.org/' target="_blank">ht://Dig</a>.</p>

<p class="spip">You should also note that the search engine does not index all the pages in one go. If you enable it while your site contains already a big number of articles, you have to wait until your site records a number of hits (approximately) equal to the number of texts to index in order for the engine to be updated.</p>



<h1>Personal interface customisation</h1>

<h2>intersimple/Simplified / complete interface</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Simplified interface / complete interface</h3>
<p class="spip">Each SPIP user can modify his own display (without affecting the display for the other users, contrary to the «<a href="aide_index.php3?aide=confart" target="_top">Precise configuration</A>» page).</p>

<p class="spip">Several SPIP features are very rarely used (or not at all) by some editors. Therefore, choosing the «simplified interface» allows to lighten this interface and to simplify its comprehension. In this mode, only the elements really necessary to the management of the site are displayed. For example, very few users need the «<a href="aide_index.php3?aide=artdate_redac" target="_top">date of earlier publication</a>» which does not appear in the «simplified interface» mode.</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">P.S.</strong> the differences between the two mode of display are more obvious to the administrators who have at their disposal more features than the editors of the site.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">For these modifications to take effect, you must accept the use of cookies.</i></p><h2>cookie/The administration cookie</h2>
<h3 class="spip">The administration cookie</h3>
<p class="spip">Administrators can activate a cookie which triggers the display of additional information during the visit of the public site.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Refresh this page</strong></p>

<p class="spip">A button labelled «Refresh this page» will appear on all the pages of the public site. Because SPIP integrates a <i class="spip">cache</i> system, some modifications may not appear immediately online. (Pages displayed on the public site are not directly pulled out from the database: they are refreshed at regular intervals and stored in the cache.)</p>

<p class="spip">By <i class="spip">refreshing</i> a page, the administrator instigates the display of the page according to the elements stored in the database, without the need to wait for the next refresh of the cache.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Modifying...</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The pages of articles, sections and news contain a button labelled «Modify this article» (or «section»...). This button takes you directly from the public site to the page in the private area corresponding to this article (or section...). This button makes it easier then, for the correction of mistakes discovered online, or the update of any element of the site.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Number of visits</strong></p>

<p class="spip">If the statistical system integrated to SPIP is enabled, the following information is added to the articles pages: number of visits (estimate) and number of different <i class="spip">referrers</i>.</p>

<p class="spip">Referrers are links to this particular article from outside the site (that is, when a site offers a direct link to this article, or when this article&#8217;s address was passed by e-mail).</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Connection identifier</strong></p>

<p class="spip">The administration cookie also enables SPIP to recognise your browser when you connect again: you then just have to enter your password to be able to get access to the private area.</p>

<p class="spip">(PS: if the connection is cookie dependant - it is the most common situation&nbsp;-, this cookie is placed in the private area as soon as you reach it.)</p><h2>deconnect/Disconnect</h2>
<h3 class="spip">Disconnecting</h3>
<p class="spip">You can click on the button «Disconnect» to cancel your identification in the private area. When you click on it the login information that you entered to access the private area are «lost» by the system; SPIP will ask you to re-enter this information or to go back to the public site.</p>

<p class="spip"><i class="spip">The main benefit of this feature is to deny to another person using your machine any access to the private area by taking advantage of your own login information.</i></p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">You are working on your own and you are the only one having access to the computer</strong></p>

<p class="spip">In this case, it may seem that disconnecting through this feature is somewhat superfluous. Disconnecting is of course recommended, but there is not much harm if you forget.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">You access the private area with a multi-user machine</strong> (office computer, cyber-café...)</p>

<p class="spip">In this case, it is strongly advised that you disconnect systematically through this feature when you finish your work. This will completely deny any access to the private area to any person other than you who is using the same machine.</p>

<p class="spip"><img src="dist/puce.gif" width="8" height="11" alt="-" />&nbsp;<strong class="spip">Using several identifiers for the same site</strong></p>

<p class="spip">Some users would like to access the private area with more than one identity. In this case, they can use the disconnect feature to exit then connect again under new identifiers.</p>



<h1>SPIP - a free software</h1>

<h2>licence/License and conditions of use</h2>
<p class="spip"><font face="Verdana,Arial,Sans,sans-serif" size="4" color="#970038"><b>License and conditions of use</b></font></p>

<p class="spip"><font face="Verdana,Arial,Sans,sans-serif" size="3"><b>SPIP, Internet Publishing System</b></font></p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">Copyright © 2001-2005, Arnaud Martin, Antoine Pitrou, Philippe Rivière and Emmanuel Saint-James.</strong></p>

<p class="spip">This programme is free software; you may distribute it and/or make changes to it in accordance with the terms of the GNU General Public License, as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of that license, or (your choice) any subsequent version.</p>

<p class="spip">This programme is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY GUARANTEE, without even the IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the General Public License for details.</p>

<p class="spip">A copy of the GNU General Public License must always be distributed together with the programme. If this is not the case, write to: Free Software Foundation Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.</p>

<p class="spip"><strong class="spip"> This programme can be downloaded from the website: <a href="http://www.spip.net/" class="spip_url spip_out">http://www.spip.net/</a>, where you will also find instructions for use and further information. </strong></p>

<p class="spip">In French law SPIP Is governed by the terms of the code of intellectual property (CPI). The core of SPIP is the cooperative work of several authors designated above (article L&nbsp;113-1 of the CPI). The overall SPIP project is a collective work in the meaning of articles L&nbsp;113-2 and L&nbsp;113-5 of the CPI. The authors make this work available for anyone, according to the rights and obligations set out in the GNU General Public License.</p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">The icons used by the programme are by <a href="http://diala.rezo.net/" class="spip_out">Diala Aschkar</a> and <a href="http://jimmac.musichall.cz/" class="spip_out">Jakub «Jimmac» Steiner</a>.</strong></p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip"><strong class="spip">The translations of the editing interface are the work of a team of translators who contribute <a href="http://www.spip.net/rubrique4.html" class="spip_out">via the site spip.net</a>.</strong></p>

<hr class="spip" />
<p class="spip">GNU General Public License:
<br />&mdash;&nbsp;<a href="../COPYING.txt" class="spip_out">text version</a>;
<br />&mdash;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" class="spip_out">HTML version</a>.</p>



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